Preemptions in Federal Legislation in the 111th Congress

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Preemptions in Federal Legislation in the 111th Congress
by Douglas Elmendorf
As required by the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), CBO reviews nearly all legislation approved by authorizing committees of the Congress to identify mandates that the legislation would impose on state, local, or tribal governments—known as intergovernmental mandates—or on the private sector. In March 2011, CBO released its annual report on UMRA, which summarizes mandates that appeared in legislation considered by the Congress during 2010 and in public laws enacted in that year.
http://cboblog.cbo.gov/?p=2284